如何架构你的标题 

Step 1: 问自己几个关于论文的问题 

问问自己：我的研究旨在解决哪些问题？我的研究达成了什么目标？  

仔细阅读论文的每一个部分，并找出最相关的信息，以此来回答这些问题。例如:  

“What is my Paper About?” 

“My paper studies howprogram volumeaffectsoutcomesforliver transplant patientsonwaiting lists.”

“What methods/techniques did I use to perform my study? 

“I employed acase study.”

“What or who was the subject of my study?” 

“I studied60casesof liver transplant patients on a waiting this throughout theUSaged20-50 years.”

“What were the results?” 

“My study revealed apositive correlationbetween wait list volume andnegative prognosisoftransplant procedure.”

Step 2: 从自己的答复中找出关键字 

-program volume -60 cases

-outcomes -US / ages 20-50

-liver transplant patients -positive correlation

-waiting lists -negative outcome

-case study – transplant procedure

-60 cases

Step 3: 使用关键字造句 

“This study employed a case study of 60 liver transplant patients around the US aged 20-50 years to assess how the waiting list volume affects the outcome of liver transplantation in patients; results indicate a positive correlation between increased waiting list volume and a negative prognosis after transplant procedure.”

这个句子明显太长了，所以你必须按照接下来的两个步骤来缩减至适当长度。  

Step 4: 将句子缩减成标题 

想写出一个完整的论文标题，必须移除任何能够让这个句子成为「句子」的东西，同时保留所有跟研究相关的内容。删除掉所有不必要和重复的字或研究员在搜索时最不可能使用的字。  

以下是删掉后剩下的内容:  

“This study useda case study of 60 liver transplant patients around the US aged 20-50 years to assess howthewaiting list volume affectstheoutcome oflivertransplantation inpatients;results indicate apositive correlation between increased waiting list volume and a negative prognosisafter transplant procedure.”

删完之后，将剩下的东西转化成教简洁的单字并重新安排顺序，让它更好读。因此就变成以下:  

“A case study of 60 liver transplant patients around the US aged 20-50 years assessing the impact of waiting list volume on outcome of transplantation and showing a positive correlation between increased waiting list volume and a negative prognosis.”(Word Count: 38)

现在已经很接近可以用的标题了，但一般论文的标题在16字以内，所以现在的字数还是太多。因此我们必须取舍一些单字。  

Step 5: 删除不必要的所有内容，把关键字移到句首跟句尾 

因为实验参与对象的适量和实际结果并非该研究最重要的部分，所以先把该部分移除:  

“A case study of60liver transplant patientsaround the US aged 20-50 yearsassessing the impact of waiting list volume on outcome of transplantationand showing a positive correlation between increasedwaiting list volume and a negativeprognosis.”(Word Count: 19)

除此之外，在研究方法中的单字通常都不会是其他人搜索时会使用的字眼，并把额外的细节删掉，让标题更加简洁。那剩下的就是:  

“Assessing the impact of waiting list volume on outcome and prognosis in liver transplantation patients”(Word Count: 15)

删减完的标题让人轻易的了解研究主题与该研究的目的，同时最重要的单字也放在标题的头跟尾。“Assessing”:该研究的主要动作被放在标题的头，“liver transplantation patients”研 究的特定主题被放在尾。这能够有效帮助论文在搜索时被看到。

加上副标题 

如果你认为有加上副标题的需要，你可以在标题后面加上一个冒号:  

“ : a case study of US adult patients ages 20-25”

但是也不需要严格遵守以上的建议，如果你有投稿需求，建议详细阅读该期刊的论文标题规定，才不会白忙一场。  

标题命名的技巧 

除了以上的步骤之外， 以下关于格式、字数和内容的技巧提供参考:  

• Write the title after you’ve written your paper and abstract  

• Include all of the essential terms in your paper  

• Keep it short and to the point (~16 words or fewer)  

• Avoid any jargon or abbreviations  

• Use keywords that closely relate to the content of your paper  

• Never include a period at the end—your title is not a sentence